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Date: April 29, 2024 Mon
Time: 11:15 pm
Time: 11:15 pm
Results for criminal justice research
5 results foundAuthor: Aharoni, Eyal Title: An Assessment of Program Sustainability in Three Bureau of Justice Assistance Criminal Justice Domains Summary: The Bureau of Justice Assistance (BJA) aims to improve community safety through effective programming throughout the United States. To maximize the impact of its investments, BJA has an interest in supporting programs that will be sustained beyond initial federal funding. This notion of program sustainability is becoming increasingly important as programs have been challenged to operate with increasingly scarce resources. RAND Corporation researchers aimed to better understand the characteristics and environments of programs that are likely to persist beyond federal seed funding and to delineate strategies that will enable BJA to assist programs that it funds in their efforts to sustain themselves. Using archival documentation and survey methods, they assessed 231 BJA grantee programs spanning three BJA funding domains - drug courts, human trafficking, and mental health - to identify characteristics associated with sustainability. They found evidence of program sustainment in most BJA grantees studied, particularly in sustained funding. They also examined the association between organizational and contextual factors and sustained operations and sustained funding. Finally, they recommend a plan for ongoing measurement of sustainability. Details: Santa Monica, CA: RAND, 2014. 48p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 14, 2014 at: http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR500/RR550/RAND_RR550.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: http://www.rand.org/content/dam/rand/pubs/research_reports/RR500/RR550/RAND_RR550.pdf Shelf Number: 132344 Keywords: Criminal Justice AdministrationCriminal Justice ExpendituresCriminal Justice ProgramsCriminal Justice Research |
Author: U.S. National Institute of Justice Title: Mending Justice: Sentinel Event Reviews Summary: How should the criminal justice system respond to errors? A common response is to seek out "bad apples," apportion blame, and conclude that the error has been dealt with once that individual is punished or a policy is changed. But errors in a complex system are rarely the result of a single act or event. In medicine, aviation and other high-risk enterprises, serious errors are regarded as system errors or "organizational accidents." Organizational accidents are potential "sentinel events," incidents that could signal more complex flaws that threaten the integrity of the system as a whole. These other complex systems have developed sentinel event reviews - nonblaming, all-stakeholder, forward-leaning mechanisms - to go beyond disciplining rule-breakers in an effort to minimize the risk of similar errors in the future and improve overall system reliability. Mending Justice: Sentinel Event Reviews explores the potential to learn from errors in the criminal justice system by applying a sentinel event review approach. Details: Washington, DC: U.S. National Institute of Justice, 2014. 68p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed September 9, 2014 at: https://ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/247141.pdf Year: 2014 Country: United States URL: https://ncjrs.gov/pdffiles1/nij/247141.pdf Shelf Number: 133185 Keywords: Criminal Justice ErrorsCriminal Justice ResearchFailed JusticeWrongful Convictions |
Author: Goldstein, Daniel M. Title: Qualitative Research in Dangerous Places: Becoming an Ethnographer of Violence and Personal Safety Summary: Conducting qualitative research is a challenge in any environment, but in highly violent settings the obstacles to both successful outcomes and researcher safety are especially high. Not only are the usual problems that confront qualitative researchers intensified when fear and insecurity add to local people's tendency to mistrust strangers asking questions; environments marked by high levels of criminal, political, and/or daily social violence require researchers to be constantly alert to threats to their own physical safety, and to the ways in which their research can imperil their subjects and collaborators. While some dangers will be obvious, such as people firing guns or waving knives, they may include more subtle things as well, like being in the wrong place at the wrong time, witnessing an activity one shouldn't, asking the wrong question of the wrong person, revealing the extent of one's personal resources and equipment, or inadvertently violating the unwritten codes that govern violent areas. Extreme caution is needed, not only when doing research, but when carrying out the daily business of living and working as well. Qualitative researchers working in highly violent settings confront the same risks and dangers that the inhabitants must confront on a regular basis. And like the people who are often the subjects of their research inquiries, researchers must learn how to keep themselves safe in places where violence is always a possibility. One effective way to do this is to adopt the local cultural and linguistic norms their subjects use to promote their own security. In other words, researchers, regardless of discipline, can become "ethnographers" of local violence and the responses it engenders and emulate the behaviors their informants have learned to keep themselves safe. Details: Brooklyn, NY: Social Science Research Council, Drugs, Security and Democracy Program, 2014. 21p. Source: Internet Resource: DSD Working Papers on Research Security: No. 1: Accessed September 10, 2014 at: http://webarchive.ssrc.org/working-papers/DSD_ResearchSecurity_01_Goldstein.pdf Year: 2014 Country: Indonesia URL: http://webarchive.ssrc.org/working-papers/DSD_ResearchSecurity_01_Goldstein.pdf Shelf Number: 133258 Keywords: Criminal Justice ResearchEthnographiesQualitative ResearchViolenceViolent Areas |
Author: Zeman, Petr, ed. Title: Research on Crime and Criminal Justice in the Czech Republic (selected results of research activities of IKSP in the years 2012-2015) Summary: The Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention (IKSP) is a research organisation under the Czech Ministry of Justice. It is engaged in research, study and analysis in the fields of criminology, criminal law, penal and security policy. IKSP's unique position is given by the fact it is the only specialised institution in the Czech Republic engaged in the systematic development of criminological research. The Institute was founded in 1960, making it the second oldest criminological institute in Europe. Its research and analysis focuses on areas such as the effectiveness of criminal law and other measures aimed at reducing crime, victimology, penology, crime prevention or the manifestations and causes of crime and related socio-pathological phenomena. IKSP's activity is based on MiddleTerm Plans of Research Activities, which express basic thematic strands of its research over four-year periods and include the main research tasks (projects) to meet these objectives. The duration of these research projects is typically 3-4 years. In addition to the research tasks listed in the Middle-Term Plan, IKSP also performs a range of other activities corresponding to its field of specialization. It provides the Czech Ministry of Justice and other state authorities and institutions with information and other material in the areas of criminology, criminal justice and penal policy for the performance of their tasks, and proposes policy, legislative, organizational and other measures in these areas. It organizes professional events such as seminars, conferences and workshops alone or in cooperation with other organizations and institutions, and participates in the life of both the domestic and international scientific community. IKSP's employees are involved in the professional training of police officers, public prosecutors, judges, probation officers and prison service staff, and are also involved in teaching criminology and related subjects at Czech universities. To disseminate IKSP's research results and other findings in the field of criminology and criminal justice, the Institute publishes its own edition of professional literature comprising two publications series - STUDIES and SOURCES. In the STUDIES series it publishes the results of original IKSP's research and in the SOURCES series it publishes Czech translations of relevant international legal regulations, international documents, foreign research studies and other important legal and criminological materials. Each year, IKSP elaborates and publishes an analysis of the trends of crime and its selected types in the Czech Republic. It also contributes to the development of criminology in the Czech Republic through the elaboration and publication of methodology handbooks for criminological research. The research tasks included in the Middle-Term Plan, however, are the most important part of IKSP's activities. This involves original criminological research that systematically brings new findings that can be used to both the development of a theoretical base in the field and the formulation of specific policy, legislative, organisational, situational and other measures in the area of penal policy. This publication aims to present the results of IKSP's research conducted under the preceding Middle-Term Plan to foreign colleagues and interested parties who do not understand Czech. The IKSP's Middle-Term Plan of Research Activities for 2012-2015 determined the following basic thematic strands of research: (a) the needs of society in the field of criminal and sanctions policy and resulting suggestions for changes in penal legislation, better law enforcement, and improvement of the system of sanctions; (b) serious forms of crime presenting significant security risks for the state (organised crime, corruption, economic crime, inter-ethnic conflicts, migration, extremism, violent crime, crime and social pathology associated with drugs), including risks arising from opening up society and phenomena related to globalisation; (c) trends in crime, its selected forms and related socio-pathological phenomena, offenders and victims of crime; (d) possibilities and methods of prevention, evaluation of the effectiveness of prevention programmes and methods. These thematic strands were addressed in 2012-2015 through eleven research projects. Their results have become the basis for, inter alia, more than two tens of monographs by IKSP's employees published in the Institute's internal edition in recent years. This publication provides English summaries of these monographs, broken down into individual research projects as part of which they were prepared. This follows similar English-language overviews of IKSP's research results under previous Middle-Term Plans issued in 2003, 2005, 2009 and 2012, which are available on the Institute's website (www.kriminologie.cz). Details: Prague: Institute of Criminology and Social Prevention, 2017. 170p. Source: Internet Resource: Accessed May 19, 2018 at: http://www.ok.cz/iksp/docs/440.pdf Year: 2017 Country: Czech Republic URL: http://www.ok.cz/iksp/docs/440.pdf Shelf Number: 150271 Keywords: Criminal Justice ResearchCriminal Justice Systems |
Author: International Association of Chiefs of Police Title: Establishing and Sustaining Law Enforcement-Researcher Partnerships: Guide for Law Enforcement Leaders Summary: Law enforcement leaders are increasingly recognizing the benefits of applying research findings in their work. As more researchers direct their efforts toward producing practical knowledge about effective police policies and practices, law enforcement agencies are better able to use that information to maximize their capacity to protect the public and bring lawbreakers to justice. In this era of shrinking budgets, research that points to what works best can help law enforcement leaders do more with less. Evidence-based policing (EBP) is an approach to testing and validating all facets of policing that encourages law enforcement agencies to develop their policy and program guidelines based on knowledge of best practices, and to carefully define and monitor outcomes that are achieved through their actions. Policymakers, funders and even community members have come to expect publicly-funded agencies to demonstrate that their policies and practices are proven to be costeffective. EBP is not an all-or-nothing approach that results in discarding "failed" programs, but rather a way for law enforcement agencies to continuously refine and update their policies and practices. By working with researchers, police departments can contribute to the continuing development of evidence-based policies, programs and practices. Since law enforcement personnel are trained in investigative techniques, they have a natural appreciation for well-done research, i.e., research efforts that ask meaningful questions, assemble relevant evidence, and make a convincing case for recommended actions. Police departments that have implemented community and problem-oriented policing are familiar with the problem-solving process that is the foundation of action research: problem identification and analysis, response development and implementation, ongoing monitoring and refinement, and impact assessment. Many police staff members find that they can become critical consumers of research, able to discern which studies or findings are valid and understand how best to apply them in their own agencies. This guide outlines ways that law enforcement leaders can move from being consumers of research to working with researchers to generate useful knowledge about what works in their own agencies and for policing in general. The guidelines in this document are grounded in the experience of a number of law enforcement agencies that have already partnered with researchers to continuously improve police performance. Many of these agencies have been able to use the results of research on the effectiveness of their policies and practices to successfully advocate for needed resources or policy changes. A few have contributed significantly to the general body of knowledge about what works best in policing. Details: Alexandria, VA: IACP, 2018? 32p. Source: Internet Resource: accessed August 23, 2018 at: http://www.theiacp.org/Portals/0/documents/pdfs/EstablishingSustaingLawEnforcement-ResearchPartnershipsGuideforLELeaders.pdf Year: 2018 Country: United States URL: http://www.theiacp.org/Portals/0/documents/pdfs/EstablishingSustaingLawEnforcement-ResearchPartnershipsGuideforLELeaders.pdf Shelf Number: 151242 Keywords: CollaborationCriminal Justice ResearchInteragency Cooperation Police Administration Police Research Research Partnerships |